Final answer:
William James is recognized as the father of American psychology and is associated with the psychological perspective known as functionalism.
Step-by-step explanation:
William James is generally recognized as the father of American psychology and is associated with functionalism. Functionalism focused on how mental activities served as adaptive responses to an organism's environment. Unlike the purely introspective methods used by structuralists, James's approach to psychology also incorporated objective measures to study the conscious experience and its usefulness in an organism's adaptation to the environment.