Final answer:
Punnett square analysis and pedigree analysis are suitable methods for studying traits that follow simple Mendelian inheritance patterns, like many genetic diseases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The analysis appropriate for studying traits that follow simple Mendelian patterns, such as genetic diseases, is Punnett square analysis. This tool utilizes principles of probability and meiosis to predict genetic cross outcomes. To determine if an individual is homozygous or heterozygous, test crosses with a homozygous recessive individual are used. Additionally, pedigree analysis can map the inheritance of genetic conditions across generations, illustrating Mendelian inheritance in family trees.