Final answer:
Hypokalemia is an abnormally low potassium blood level that can occur due to decreased K+ intake and absorption. Excessive use of potassium-free IV solution can lead to hypernatremia. Hyperkalemia is an elevated potassium blood level that can occur in conditions like renal failure, severe dehydration, or Addison's disease.
Step-by-step explanation:
Hypokalemia is an abnormally low potassium blood level that can occur due to decreased K+ intake and absorption. This can result from decreased intake, such as during starvation, or from conditions like vomiting, diarrhea, or alkalosis. On the other hand, excessive use of potassium-free IV solution can lead to hypernatremia, which is an elevated sodium blood level.
On the other hand, hyperkalemia is an elevated potassium blood level that can occur in conditions like renal failure, severe dehydration, or Addison's disease. Increased dietary intake of potassium can also cause hyperkalemia, which can have effects on skeletal muscles, the nervous system, and the heart.