Final answer:
HIV infection affects c) Acquired immunity by attacking and destroying T cells responsible for recognizing and fighting specific pathogens.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of immunity that is affected by HIV infection is Acquired immunity.
HIV attacks the T cells, which play a crucial role in acquired immunity. T cells are responsible for recognizing and fighting specific pathogens, including viruses like HIV. When these cells are targeted and destroyed by the virus, the body's ability to mount an effective immune response against infections is compromised.
For example, in HIV-infected individuals, the decreased number and function of T cells lead to a weakened immune response, making them susceptible to opportunistic infections and other diseases