Final answer:
The C chart is the type of control chart that does not use a specific sample size as it is used for counting the number of defects regardless of sample size.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of control chart that does not use a specific sample size is the C chart. Unlike the other types of control charts, the C chart is used for counting the number of defects in an item and does not require a sample size. The X-bar chart and R chart both rely on specific sample sizes to monitor the average and range of a process, respectively. The P chart is used for proportions and also requires a sample size. While control charts are invaluable tools for quality control in various industries, it's essential to select the appropriate chart based on the type of data and the desired analysis.