Final answer:
Passive immunity is the transfer of antibodies from one individual to another, while active immunity is the development of an immune response within an individual. Natural passive immunity is acquired through the transfer of antibodies from a mother to her baby through breast milk. Natural active immunity is acquired through infection, while artificial active immunity is achieved through vaccination.
Step-by-step explanation:
Passive immunity refers to the transfer of preformed antibodies from one individual to another, providing immediate protection against a specific pathogen. An example of natural passive immunity is the transfer of antibodies from a mother to her baby through breast milk.
Active immunity, on the other hand, is the development of an immune response within an individual. It occurs when the immune system is exposed to a pathogen or a vaccine and produces its antibodies. Natural active immunity is acquired through infection, while artificial active immunity is achieved through vaccination.