Final answer:
The patella, or kneecap, is anterior to the calcaneus as it is positioned in front of the heel bone when considering human anatomy in the standard anatomical position.
Step-by-step explanation:
The patella, or kneecap, is a sesamoid bone located within the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle, which is the large muscle situated on the front of the thigh. This specialized bone slides vertically within a groove on the distal femur at what is known as the femoropatellar joint. It protects the quadriceps tendon from friction against the distal femur during knee movements. Now, when we consider the anatomical position of the patella of the calcaneus, which is the heel bone, we can describe their spatial relationship. The patella is anterior (toward the front) to the calcaneus, as the calcaneus is part of the rear foot structure and is thus posterior to structures at the front of the knee.