Question

a manager assumes an unlikely request in an order must be the result of some unusual customer. Is this an example of outcome bias or normalization?

Answer 1

The instance described is an example of outcome bias, as the manager is judging the unusual request based on its presumed outcome (an unusual customer), rather than evaluating the request itself objectively.

Step-by-step explanation:

When a manager assumes that an unlikely request in an order must be the result of some unusual customer, it is an example of outcome bias. Outcome bias occurs when we judge a decision based on its outcome rather than on the quality of the decision at the time it was made. In contrast, normalization refers to accepting an outcome as normal or typical, which is not the case here since the manager is attributing the unusual request to an atypical situation.