Final answer:
The sodium-potassium pump facilitates the movement of sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions into the cell. It is essential for maintaining the electrochemical gradient and concentrations of sodium and potassium in living cells.
Step-by-step explanation:
The sodium-potassium pump, also known as Na+/K+ ATPase, facilitates the movement of sodium ions out of the cell while simultaneously moving potassium ions into the cell. This pump is essential for maintaining the electrochemical gradient and correct concentrations of sodium and potassium in living cells. It exists in two forms and works by hydrolyzing ATP and undergoing allosteric changes to bind ions and change shape.