Question

Pyloric Stenosis

Pathophysiology:
a. Narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, leading to gastric outlet obstruction
b. Enlargement of the pylorus
c. Inflammation of the stomach lining
d. Dilatation of the esophagus

Answer 1

Heartburn is caused by the reflux of acidic digestive juices from the stomach into the esophagus due to the failure of the lower esophageal sphincter to remain closed.

Step-by-step explanation:

The physiological cause of heartburn is the reflux of acidic digestive juices from the stomach into the esophagus. This occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter, a muscular valve at the end of the esophagus, fails to remain completely closed. When the sphincter opens, it allows the gastric juices to escape into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation known as heartburn.