Final answer:
The Bill of Rights was demanded by the Anti-Federalists, not the Federalists, as a condition for their support in ratifying the Constitution, leading to the adoption of the first ten amendments in 1791. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the Bill of Rights was demanded by Federalists before they would ratify the Constitution is false. It was the Anti-Federalists who insisted on a Bill of Rights to protect the people against the power of the government.
The Federalists, after initially opposing a Bill of Rights, agreed to consider amendments after the Constitution's ratification as a compromise to secure support. James Madison, a key Federalist figure, drafted twelve amendments, of which ten were ratified by the states in 1791 to become the Bill of Rights, which outline essential human rights for all U.S citizens.