Final answer:
The genotype ratio of the F2 generation will be 1:2:1, and the phenotypic ratio will be 3:1. This follows Mendelian principles of dominant-recessive inheritance with one dominant allele masking the effect of a recessive allele.
Step-by-step explanation:
When pure flowers are crossed to produce hybrid F1 offspring, and these F1 offspring are then crossed, we expect to see specific genotypic and phenotypic ratios in the F2 generation. In the case of a monohybrid cross following dominant-recessive inheritance, the F1 plants are typically heterozygous, meaning they carry one dominant and one recessive allele for the trait in question. Upon self-pollination or crossing between F1 individuals, the possible genotype ratio for their F2 offspring follows a 1:2:1 pattern, which consists of one homozygous dominant (AA), two heterozygous (Aa), and one homozygous recessive (aa). However, due to the presence of dominant alleles, the phenotypic ratio will show a 3:1 pattern, with three offspring showing the dominant trait and one displaying the recessive trait. Therefore, the genotype ratio of the F2 generation will be 1:2:1, and the phenotypic ratio will be 3:1. For instance, if we consider a characteristic such as seed color, where yellow (Y) is dominant over green (y), the F2 offspring will have a phenotypic ratio of 3 yellow seeds to 1 green seed. This ratio is reached by applying the product rule to calculate the proportions of the different phenotypes and is consistent with Mendelian inheritance principles.