Question

What is the Protestant idea, emphasized particularly by John Calvin, that the gift of faith had only been granted to some ("the elect") and that each person's fate had been determined prior to their birth?

A) Arminianism
B) Predestination
C) Transubstantiation
D) Indulgences

Answer 1

The Protestant idea, emphasized particularly by John Calvin, that the gift of faith had only been granted to some ("the elect") and that each person's fate had been determined prior to their birth is Predestination. so, the correct answer is B) Predestination.

Step-by-step explanation:

Arminianism (A): This is a theological perspective that opposes the strict predestinarianism of Calvinism, emphasizing free will and the possibility of salvation for all.

Predestination (B): John Calvin's doctrine of predestination posits that God has predetermined the fate of individuals, particularly regarding salvation, with a focus on "the elect."

Transubstantiation (C): This is a Catholic doctrine regarding the transformation of the substance of the Eucharistic elements into the body and blood of Christ.

Indulgences (D): This refers to the forgiveness of sins granted by the Catholic Church, often associated with the sale of indulgences, a practice criticized by the Protestant reformers.

Therefore, the correct option is B) Predestination.