Final answer:
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is the substance made up of nucleotide polymers linked by phosphate groups to ribose sugars. It differs from DNA, which uses deoxyribose sugar, and has thymine instead of uracil.
Step-by-step explanation:
The substance that is composed of nucleotide polymers with the phosphate of one nucleotide bound to the ribose sugar of another is Ribonucleic acid (RNA). Both Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and RNA are polymers made up of long chains of nucleotides. These nucleotides consist of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar (ribose in RNA and deoxyribose in DNA), and a nitrogen-containing base.
In RNA, the sugar ribose is connected to the phosphate group, forming the backbone of the molecule, and the bases that can be attached are adenine, cytosine, guanine, and uracil. Conversely, the DNA structure is similar but contains deoxyribose as the sugar, and thymine replaces uracil as one of the bases.