Question

Intellectual disabilities are classified by origin. Which term best describes the cause of Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome?

1) perinatal
2) prenatal
3) genetic
4) postnatal

Answer 1

Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome are best described as genetic disorders, caused by trisomy 21 and a mutation in the FMR1 gene, respectively. Both conditions lead to intellectual disabilities among other challenges.The correct aoption is 3.

Step-by-step explanation:

The cause of Down syndrome and Fragile X syndrome is best described by the term genetic. Down syndrome is characterized by the presence of an extra copy of chromosome 21, also known as trisomy 21, which usually occurs due to chromosomal nondisjunction during the process of meiosis. Fragile X syndrome is caused by a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome, leading to various developmental problems including intellectual disability.

While Down syndrome can cause a range of health issues such as intellectual disability, vision problems, congenital heart disease, and a higher susceptibility to cancer, it is important to consider all aspects of raising a child with this condition, including the positive experiences. Genetic counseling and healthcare providers play a crucial role in providing current and supportive information to families.