Final answer:
More than 90% of Canadians live within 240 kilometers of the United States border due to the southern region's favorable climate, urban opportunities, and economic ties with the US. Canada's population also reflects a significant ethnic diversity, including Indigenous peoples and a considerable percentage of foreign-born residents.
Step-by-step explanation:
In discussing the population distribution in Canada, it's noteworthy that despite Canada's status as the second largest country by land area, the majority of its population opts to live in close proximity to the United States border. Over 90% of Canadians live within 150 miles (approximately 240 kilometers) of the border, a fact that can be attributed to various economic, social, and environmental factors. The southern parts of Canada offer a more temperate climate and fertile land suitable for agriculture and are also regions where urbanization tends to be concentrated. Additionally, the economic integration with the United States has made living near the border more appealing for employment and business opportunities.
This dense population distribution within a relatively small geographic area reflects broader patterns of urbanization, where Canadians, much like their American neighbors, are largely concentrated in urban or suburban settings.
The Canadian population also showcases a vibrant ethnic diversity, with significant numbers of First Nations, Métis, and Inuit peoples as well as a history of immigration that contributes to its cultural mosaic. As of the early 21st century, about 20% of Canada's population was foreign-born, enriching the country with a variety of languages and cultural practices.