Final answer:
The type of bias in the situation is convenience bias, which occurs when a sample is collected in a way that is convenient or easily accessible, but not necessarily representative of the entire population.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of bias that the situation refers to is C) Convenience bias.
Convenience bias occurs when a sample is collected in a way that is convenient or easily accessible, but not necessarily representative of the entire population. In this situation, the high school student surveyed all the students in the cafeteria during her spare time, which may lead to a convenience bias because it only includes students who were present in the cafeteria during that specific time period, potentially excluding other students who were not present.