Final Answer:
Most of the replication errors that arise when DNA polymerase incorporates an incorrect nucleotide are corrected by A. mismatch repair.
Step-by-step explanation:
Mismatch repair (option A) is a cellular mechanism that corrects errors made during DNA replication. DNA polymerase sometimes incorporates incorrect nucleotides, leading to mismatches in the newly synthesized strand. Mismatch repair enzymes detect and remove these errors, replacing them with the correct nucleotides. This process occurs after DNA synthesis and contributes to the accuracy of the genetic information passed on during cell division.
Homologous recombination (option B) and proofreading (option C) are also involved in maintaining DNA integrity, but they are distinct processes. Discontinuous replication (option D) and nucleosome assembly (option E) are not directly related to the correction of replication errors.
Option A is the answer.