Final answer:
The statement regarding membrane components being made in the endoplasmic reticulum is true, as is the statement about the Golgi apparatus' role in processing and packaging materials. However, the statement about lysosomes being sites of fatty acid synthesis is false; lysosomes contain digestive enzymes and fatty acid synthesis occurs in the cytosol or the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statements provided pertain to the endomembrane system which includes several organelles within a eukaryotic cell that work together to process and transport proteins and lipids. Let's evaluate the truthfulness of each statement:
- A. Membrane components in the cell are made in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This statement is true. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in the synthesis of lipids, which are key components of cellular membranes, while the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) with its attached ribosomes is important for protein synthesis, another major component of membranes.
- B. The Golgi apparatus is made up of a series of membrane-enclosed compartments through which materials destined for secretion must pass. This statement is true as well. The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages substances for secretion out of the cell or for use within the cell.
- C. Lysosomes are small organelles where fatty acid synthesis occurs. This statement is false. Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes used to break down waste materials and cellular debris. Fatty acid synthesis does not occur in lysosomes; it occurs in the cytosol or within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.