Final Answer:
Factors for developing osteoarthritis are
a) Smoking
b) Obesity
d) Genetic predisposition
Step-by-step explanation:
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease influenced by various risk factors, and among the given options, smoking (a), obesity (b), and genetic predisposition (d) are recognized as contributors to its development.
Smoking (a) has been associated with an increased risk of OA. The harmful chemicals in tobacco can impact joint health by promoting inflammation and cartilage damage. Individuals who smoke may experience a higher likelihood of developing osteoarthritis compared to non-smokers.
Obesity (b) is another significant risk factor for osteoarthritis. Excess body weight places additional stress on weight-bearing joints, such as the knees and hips. This increased load contributes to the wear and tear of joint cartilage, accelerating the progression of osteoarthritis.
Genetic predisposition (d) plays a role in the susceptibility to osteoarthritis. Certain genetic factors can influence the structure and function of joints, making some individuals more prone to developing OA. Understanding one's family history can provide insights into the potential genetic risk for osteoarthritis.
Regular exercise (c), surprisingly, is not a direct risk factor for osteoarthritis. In fact, appropriate exercise is often recommended to maintain joint health and function. However, the type and intensity of exercise should be tailored to an individual's condition to prevent excessive joint strain.