Four enemies ancient Rome battled against are Samnites; Celts; Etruscans;
and Carthaginians.
During the existence of the ancient Rome, the Romans faced several battles fighting different civilisations. When the empire started to gain power, it was involved in wars against the neighbouring civilisations, including the Etruscan on the north of them and the Smanites on the Apennines Mountains. Following those battles, the expansion continued so that the multiple Celtic tribes fell under the Roman sword, first the ones in Northern Italy, and after that the ones in the central and western part of Europe.