Final answer:
In around 5000 B.C., the lower kingdom of Egypt honored the goddess Hathor who was closely associated with royalty and was regarded as a fierce protector with the ability to embody the sun's heat.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lower kingdom of Egypt honored the goddess Hathor around 5000 B.C. Hathor, whose name means “The House of Horus,” was worshipped in pyramid temple complexes. She was associated with the wife of the living king and the mother of the future king. As an “Eye of Re,” she could embody the intense heat of the sun and use that to destroy the enemies of her father Re. The representations of female sphinxes during the Middle Kingdom and queens like Hatshepsut later illustrate the importance of female deities and royal women in ancient Egyptian religion and politics.