Trying to factor as a Difference of Squares :
 1.1  Factoring:  x4-81 
Theory : A difference of two perfect squares,  A2 - B2 can be factored into  (A+B) • (A-B)
Proof : (A+B) • (A-B) =
 A2 - AB + BA - B2 =
 A2 - AB + AB - B2 = 
  A2 - B2
Note :  AB = BA is the commutative property of multiplication. 
Note :  - AB + AB equals zero and is therefore eliminated from the expression.
Check : 81 is the square of 9
Check :  x4 is the square of  x2 
Factorization is :  (x2 + 9) •  (x2 - 9) 
Polynomial Roots Calculator :
 1.2  Find roots (zeroes) of :  F(x) = x2 + 9
Polynomial Roots Calculator is a set of methods aimed at finding values of x for which F(x)=0 
Rational Roots Test is one of the above mentioned tools. It would only find Rational Roots that is numbers x which can be expressed as the quotient of two integers
The Rational Root Theorem states that if a polynomial zeroes for a rational number P/Q then P is a factor of the Trailing Constant and Q is a factor of the Leading Coefficient
In this case, the Leading Coefficient is 1 and the Trailing Constant is  9. 
 The factor(s) are: 
of the Leading Coefficient :  1
 of the Trailing Constant :  1 ,3 ,9 
 Let us test ....
 P Q P/Q F(P/Q) Divisor -1 1 -1.00 10.00  -3 1 -3.00 18.00  -9 1 -9.00 90.00  1 1 1.00 10.00  3 1 3.00 18.00  9 1 9.00 90.00 
Polynomial Roots Calculator found no rational roots
Trying to factor as a Difference of Squares :
 1.3  Factoring:  x2 - 9 
Check : 9 is the square of 3
Check :  x2 is the square of  x1 
Factorization is : (x + 3) • (x - 3) 
Final result :
 (x2 + 9) • (x + 3) • (x - 3)