Hey You!
I believe this would be the answers:
Option 1: In General. A party may raise by pretrial motion any defense, objection, or request that the court can determine without a trial on the merits.
Option 2: Motions that must be made before the trial. The following defenses, objections, and requests must be raised by pretrial motion if the basis of the motion is then reasonably available and the motion can be determined without a trial on the merits.