Final answer:
During a lunar eclipse, the earth's shadow falls on the moon, which occurs when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned, with the Earth between the others.
Step-by-step explanation:
During a lunar eclipse, the earth's shadow falls on the moon. This occurs when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are aligned in a line, with the Earth situated between the Sun and the Moon. As a result, the Moon moves into the shadow that Earth casts in space, leading to the characteristic darkening of the Moon that we observe during a lunar eclipse. Because this happens when the Moon is in its full phase, the darkening effect is more pronounced. Unlike a solar eclipse, which occurs when the Moon's shadow falls on Earth and is visible in specific local areas, a lunar eclipse is visible from anywhere on Earth's night side where the Moon can be seen.