The correct answer is D) all of the above.
Election fraud, kickbacks, and spoil system are examples of government corruption.
Corruption in government comes in many forms. For instance, election fraud is a corrupt practice that aims to decide the election without the legal terms, manipulating the vote results. Kickbacks is another name for bribery. When individuals or companies pay sums of money to the government in order to have some concessions. And spoil system is the corrupt practice where the political party that won the election offers jobs to individuals that are family members or friends of the political party.