Final answer:
Increased globalization is supported by evidence such as free trade, the relocation of factories, the experience in other countries, and the benefits and drawbacks of globalization.
Step-by-step explanation:
Increased globalization is considered inevitable based on several pieces of evidence:
- Free trade and comparative advantage: Free trade allows countries to specialize in the production of goods and services they have a comparative advantage in, leading to increased productivity and higher standards of living for all countries. This supports the idea that globalization is beneficial and will continue to expand.
- Relocation of factories: The tendency for large corporate manufacturers to move their factories to countries with cheaper labor and weaker environmental regulations is a strong force of globalization. Although initially challenging for nation-states and local communities, the resulting loss of well-paid working-class jobs in the United States has generated political controversies and calls for regulations to keep jobs within American borders. This demonstrates both the impact and potential for globalization to influence the enhancement of nation-states' power.
- Evidence of globalization in other countries: Table 1.2 indicates that many medium and low-income countries such as Mexico and China have experienced a surge of globalization. If economic transactions were visible from an astronaut's perspective, they would see the planet covered with connections. This visual representation highlights the widespread nature of globalization.
- Benefits and drawbacks: Globalization has benefits such as accelerated development, international awareness, and potential wealth creation. However, critics express concerns about the growing influence of international corporations that may use their wealth to control governments in their favor. This suggests that globalization can weaken countries and empower corporations at the expense of local populations.