The correct answer is B.
Gandhi (1869 – 1948) was an Indian activitist that leaded the movement for the Indian independence against the British rulers. He suceeded by employing non-violent civil disobedience tecniques.
These principles were copied by the civil rights movement and its leaders, like Martin Luther King Jr. In general, most protests were peaceful and took the form of marches, sit-ins, demonstrations. etc. If some violence was generated in any of those protests it was not the initial intention.