Question

Each level in kohlberg's theory of the development of moral reasoning is based on the degree to which:

Answer 1

Moral development always occurs progressively through the different stages, without any kind of evolutionary leap, without going backwards, but progressively over the different stages.

It is a development that is linked to the psychological development of the person. Without psychological development there is no moral development.

Therefore it is based on the degree to which the psychological development of the person takes place.

Answer 2

I believe the answer is: conforms to conventional standards of society.
For example, in step 4 of Kohlberg's development, we are expected to understand and accepyt the abstract normative system in society as a sign of maturation.
But, in many cases, someone who see the absurdity in the in the system and rejected could belong in similar stage as well, they just have different opinion.