Final answer:
Charlemagne's Frankish Empire included modern France, Germany, northern Italy, and parts of northern Spain and central Europe, forming a unified state for the first time since the Roman Empire.
Step-by-step explanation:
The lands controlled by Charlemagne, who reigned from 768 to 814, marked a significant chapter in European history. Charlemagne's empire at its height included modern France, Germany, northern Italy, and parts of northern Spain and central Europe. Under Charlemagne, the vast Frankish Empire united Western Europe in ways not seen since the collapse of Roman authority. The empire stemmed from his numerous conquests and was held together by his vision of a Christian state guided by Germanic leadership. Charlemagne's empire became the foundation for what later became known as the Holy Roman Empire, although only during Charlemagne's rule could it be considered a truly unified state.