Question

Those fluctuations that are associated with climate, holidays, and related activities are referred to as __________ variations.

Answer 1

Those fluctuations that are associated with climate, holidays, and related activities are referred to as seasonality variations.

Answer 2

The correct answer should be seasonality.
When speaking about time and weather, seasonality refers to those variations that have to do with climate, holidays and vacations, and all activities related to them. So, it can be measured weekly, monthly, or quarterly - any time period less than a year.