Final answer:
The formula for carbon dioxide is CO₂; it's a key compound in processes like combustion and photosynthesis. It has a molar mass of 44.009 g/mol and, in the presence of water, can form carbonic acid and its dissociation products, bicarbonate and carbonate ions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The formula for carbon dioxide is CO₂, which consists of one carbon atom double-bonded to two oxygen atoms. This compound plays a crucial role in many chemical reactions, including combustion and photosynthesis. For instance, when octane (C₈H₁₈) is burned in oxygen, the reaction produces carbon dioxide and water, represented by the balanced chemical equation C₈H₁₈ + 25/2 O₂ → 8 CO₂ + 9 H₂O. Similarly, carbon dioxide is involved in the photosynthesis equation, where it is used along with water to form glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and oxygen as byproducts, as shown in 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂.
In relation to molar mass calculations, the molar mass of CO₂ is calculated by adding the molar mass of carbon (12.011 g/mol) and twice the molar mass of oxygen (2 × 15.999 g/mol), resulting in 44.009 g/mol for CO₂. Carbon dioxide, under standard conditions, is a gaseous substance that can form an aqueous solution in water (CO₂(aq)) and further react to form carbonic acid (H₂CO₃), which can dissociate into bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) and carbonate (CO₃²⁻) ions in water.