Answer:




Explanation:
Given:


---
1st problem:


Distribute:

Combine like terms:

---
2nd problem:



Distribute -3 to first factor:
Use foil to simplify:

Replace
with -1:

Combine like terms:

---
3rd problem:


Distribute 2 to the second factor:


Use foil to simplify:

Replace
with -1:

Combine like terms:

----
4th problem:

Distribute:

Combine like terms:

Simplify:
