Answer:
A. Compound Sentence.
Step-by-step explanation:
The compound sentence refers to the sentence comprising of two independent clauses joined with either a semicolon or a comma. The given sentence exemplifies this category as it justifies the above claim with "The 49th parallel of north latitude also runs through many other countries" as the first clause while "including France, Germany, Ukraine, and China" as the second one. The other options suggest an inappropriate claim as the given example is neither a complex as it does not include dependent clauses nor a compound-complex as that requires a minimum of two independent clauses with a dependent clause. Thus, the first one(A) is the answer.