Answer:
Correct answer is b- Permanent population .
Step-by-step explanation:
Option A is not correct as every state needs to have a defined territory, which is established in a certain period.
B is correct as population of country changes due to different reasons, including for example the migrations.
C is not correct as every country has its leadership. For example, if it is a monarchy, it has a unique monarch (king).
D is also correct as every country has its official language.