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ANSWER
Bhakti movement originated as a reaction against caste division and ritualism in India. The Vaishnava and Saivite saints of the south started the Bhakti movement. In between 7th and the 10th centuries, the Tamil Vaishnava saints, known as Alvars and Saivite saints known as Nayanars both preached personal devotion to God as a means to reach God. Later this movement swept over North and East India from the 15th century onwards.