Final answer:
The end products of the hydrolysis of a polysaccharide are simple sugars, specifically monosaccharides like glucose, fructose, and galactose. These sugars are the result of breaking down complex carbohydrates like cellulose and starch, with the process involving the formation of glycosidic bonds. So the correct option is A.
Step-by-step explanation:
The products of hydrolysis of a polysaccharide are simple sugars, primarily monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose, and galactose. This occurs when polysaccharides like starch and glycogen are broken down during digestion to provide energy to the body. Polysaccharides are long carbohydrate molecules that, upon hydrolysis, yield these individual sugar molecules that can be absorbed into the bloodstream and used by cells for metabolic processes, including ATP production.
Cellulose and starch are both examples of polysaccharides, which are complex carbohydrates that serve various functions, such as providing structural support (in the case of cellulose) and energy storage (in the case of starch). When monosaccharides join together to form polysaccharides, they do so by forming glycosidic bonds. This is a dehydration synthesis reaction, where the removal of a water molecule allows the bond to be formed between two sugar molecules.