Final answer:
The over hunting of large mammals was not a direct result of the Industrial Revolution; rather, it was due to factors like unrestricted hunting and habitat destruction. Direct results of industrialization include the shift to fossil fuels, improved quality of life, and urban growth.
Step-by-step explanation:
The over hunting of large mammals was not a direct result of the Industrial Revolution. While the shift to the use of fossil fuels, improvement in quality of life, and growth of cities were direct effects of the Industrial Revolution, over hunting of large mammals was primarily due to other factors such as unrestricted hunting and habitat destruction that occurred both before and after the industrial period.
Technological advances like the steam engine and machinery innovations fueled by coal and oil transformed societies, leading to urbanization and the development of industrial cities. The increased food production and surpluses created an urban population that supported the industrial workforce. However, over hunting was linked more to the lack of wildlife conservation measures and the expansion of human settlements than to industrialization itself.