The correct answer to this open question is the following.
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The best explanation regarding the foundations of the American government is "The Two Treatise of Government by John Locke believed the Monarchy did not have a divine right of governance and that a contract or consent is the basis for government."
The founding fathers of the United Staes were influenced by important ideas produced during the Enlightenment. During that period of time in Europe, philosophers, and thinkers like Jean-Jaques Rosseau, Montesquieu, Thomas Hobbes, John Locke, and Voltaire developed new ideas and theories about forms of government which included liberties for the people, questioning of the authority of the king, rights for citizens, and social contracts.