Scientists in the 1880s made the most important discoveries in cell research in modern history. Therefore, option C is correct
This conclusion is best supported by the text because it talks about the identification of the chromosome by Walter Sutton and Theodor Boveri as a key factor in heredity, and how this and later discoveries established the foundational role of the cell in passing down genetic information.
As for the second part of your request, there are no calculations to show. The question is conceptual and pertains to the history of genetics, not a mathematical problem. If you have any other type of question or need further assistance with this subject, feel free to ask!