Answer:
well first they must come up with a hypothesis or a question to find the answer to. then they must come up with an experiment that will either prove or disprove their hypothesis and publish their findings for others to gain from. its a long process that i have oversimplified since experimentation needs a wide range of variables and randomized subjects but the gist of it is exactly that.
Step-by-step explanation:
this is just an example of how scientists can learn new things