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Interesting facts about index fossils

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Index fossils are very important to relative dating, as they serve as great time markers because they have a short half-life and are widespread around the world.
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A good index fossil is one with four characteristics: it is distinctive, widespread, abundant and limited in geologic time. Because most fossil-bearing rocks formed in the ocean, the major index fossils are marine organisms, but certain land organisms are useful in young rocks and in specific regions.

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User Carl Rosenberger
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