Read this excerpt from Gandhi’s speech of 1922 and answer the question.
But all that hope was shattered. The Khilafat promise was not to be redeemed. The Punjab crime was whitewashed and most culprits went not only unpunished but remained in service, and some continued to draw pensions from the Indian revenue and in some cases were even rewarded. I saw too that not only did the reforms not mark a change of heart, but they were only a method of further raining India of her wealth and of prolonging her servitude.
Gandhi’s deliberate reference to redemption, whitewashing, and servitude most likely conjure what image in the audience?
slavery
guilt
religion
hopelessness