Question

Can you define and identify the significance of Okazaki fragments, DNA ligase, and primer RNA during DNA replication?a. Okazaki fragments are short DNA fragments synthesized in a ____ manner.b. Okazaki fragments appear on the ___ strand during DNA replication.c. DNA ligase forms ___ bonds in gaps between DNA Okazaki fragmentsd. These gaps are generated when ___ removes the RNA primers.e. RNA primers are formed by ___ and serve as an initiation point for DNA synthesis on the template.Words given for the blanks are : leading, lagging, peptide, phosphodiester, continuous, discontinuous, RNA primase, and DNA polymerase I.

Answer 1

Okazaki fragments are synthesized discontinuously on the lagging strand during DNA replication. DNA ligase creates phosphodiester bonds that connect these fragments, and RNA primers necessary for initiation are laid down by RNA primase and later removed by DNA polymerase I.

Step-by-step explanation:

Understanding DNA Replication Components

a. Okazaki fragments are short DNA fragments synthesized in a discontinuous manner.

b. Okazaki fragments appear on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

c. DNA ligase forms phosphodiester bonds in gaps between DNA Okazaki fragments.

d. These gaps are generated when DNA polymerase I removes the RNA primers.

e. RNA primers are formed by RNA primase and serve as an initiation point for DNA synthesis on the template.

Answer 2

a. discontinuous

b. lagging

c. phosphodiester bonds

d. DNA polymerase I

e. RNA primase

Step-by-step explanation:

Okazaki fragments are so called because these are synthesized in a discontinuous unlike in the leading strand where the new DNA strand is synthesized continuously. This is due to the fact that the lagging strands runs in the 5' to 3' direction, thus, a means has to be devised such that new DNA can be synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction. DNA ligase aids in ligating these fragments together. DNA polymerase can not begin the synthesis of the new DNA strand thus, the RNA primers helps to perform this function.