Question

The following substances dissolve when added to water. Classify the substances according to the strongest solute-solvent interaction that will occur between the given substances and water during dissolution.

Match the substances to their respective forces.

CuCl2, CuSO4, NH3, CH3OH

a) Ion on forces
b) Dipole-dipole forces
c) Ion-dipole forces
d) London dispersion forces

Answer 1

CuCl2-Ion-dipole forces

CuSO4-Ion-dipole forces

NH3-Dipole-dipole forces

CH3OH-Dipole-dipole forces

Step-by-step explanation:

Water consists of a dipole. The water molecule contains a positive end and a negative end. The positive ion attracts the negative dipole of water while the positive dipole in water interacts with the negative ion of an ionic substance. This explains the dissolution of ionic substances in water.

Copper II chloride and copper sulphate are ionic substances hence they dissolve by the mechanism described above.

Molecules consisting of dipoles dissolves by interaction of the molecule's dipoles with the dipoles in water. For example, methanol interacts with water through hydrogen bonding which is involves molecular dipoles