Answer: false.
Explanation: it is false that the direct primary and the recall were both reforms designed to enhance the power of political parties in the United States.
Direct primary is a primary in which members of a party nominate its candidates by direct vote. when people vote for candidates of their political party by direct vote instead of by delegates at a convention while a recall is the process through which a validly elected member of congress may be removed from his/her seat in the congress.