Jefferson's use of four premises followed by a conclusion in the preamble is an example of a literary device named deductive reasoning.
Step-by-step explanation:
Reasoning process from one or more premises (statement) to reach a logically confined conclusion is known as deductive reasoning.
The following is an example of an argument that uses deductive reasoning:
1. All star are immortal. (First premise)
2. Sirius is a star. (Second premise)
3. Therefore, Sirius is immortal. (Conclusion)
Deductive reasoning gives a valid conclusion to the argument.