Answer:
A dilation is a type of transformation that changes the size of the image. The scale factor, sometimes called the scalar factor, measures how much larger or smaller the image is. Below is a picture of each type of dilation (one that gets larger and one that gest smaller).
Explanation:
Dilations can also reduce the size of shape. The picture below demonstrations a dilation of 12 Any time that the scale factor is a fraction, the image will get smaller.
It's always easier to understand a concept by looking at specific examples with pictures, so I suggest looking at the dilation examples below first...before you try to internalize the steps listed below and that explain the general formula for dilating a point with coordinates of (2, 4) by a scale factor of 12.