Question

histidine has three ionizable functional groups. complete the equilibrium equations by assigning the proper pKa for each ionization and the net charge on the histidine molecule in each ionization state.

Answer 1

The equilibrium equations for the three ionizations in histidine with pK_{a} values are in attached document.

Hisidine has three ionizable functional group namely, the carboxylic group, amino group and nitrogen in the imidazole ring.

The structure of histidine in each ionization state is also attached.

Here, as from the attached diagrams the net charge in first, second and third ionization state is +1, 0 and -1 respectively.