Step-by-step explanation:
Lateral is from the side; medial is towards the midline (often from a sagittal section); dorsal is looking from above; and ventral is looking from below. Brain Stem: pons, medulla, spinal cord. The brain is superior to the spinal cord in people, but in quadrupeds the brain is anterior (forward in motion) to the spinal cord. "Dorsal" means "in the direction away from the ridge of the human back or its equivalent in other animals.